The relationship between underemployment and turnover intention with moderate and mediate analysis

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze underemployment by investigating its relationship with turnover intention. Moreover, job deprivation was analyzed as a mediator for said relationship. In addition, the moderating role of job stress was also studied for underemployment and job deprivation. The sample comprises traffic police wardens from three cities i.e. Multan, Lahore, and Bahawalpur of Punjab, Pakistan, and the sample size was 499 respondents who were selected randomly. Data was cross-section in its nature. The CFA was carried out in SEM (Structural Equation Model), whereas the data was analyzed in SPSS. The results indicate that there was a positive and significant effect of underemployment on turnover intention. The findings also support job deprivation as an intervening mechanism for the relationship between underemployment and turnover intention. In addition, job stress acts as a moderator for the relationship between underemployment and job deprivation. The study concludes with a discussion, limitations, and future research directions including implications both for theory and practitioners.